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CIn a new blog post for the International Monetary Fund,four researchers presented their findings from aworking paper that examines the current relationship between finance and tech as well as its potential future.Gazing into their crystal ball,the researchers see the possibility of using the data from your browsing,search,and purchase history to create a more accurate mechanism for determining the credit rating of anindividual or business.They believe that this approach could result in greater lending to borrowers who wouldpotentially be denied by traditional financial institutions.At its heart,the paper is trying to wrestle with the dawning notion that the institutional banking system isfacing a serious threat from tech companies.The researchers identify two key areas in which this is true:Techcompanies have greater access to soft information,and messaging platforms can take the place of the physicallocations that banks rely on for meeting with customers.The concept of using your web history to inform credit ratings is framed around the notion that lenders relyon hard-data that might hide the worthiness of a borrower or paint an unnecessarily bad picture during hard times.Citing soft-data points like "the type of browser and hardware used to access the Internet,the history of onlinesearches and purchases"that could be included in evaluating a borrower,the researchers believe that when alender has a closer relationship with the potential client's history,they might be more willing to cut them someslack."Banks tend to cushion credit terms for their long-term customers during downturns,"the paper's authorswrite.This is because they have a history and relationship with the customer.The researchers acknowledge that there will be privacy and policy concerns related to including this kind ofsoft-data in credit analysis.Getting the soft-data points would probably require tech companies to loosen up theirstandards on linking unencrypted (information with individual accounts.How they might shareinformation with other institutions would be their own can of worms.8.What is the approach put forward by the researchers?A.Replacing banks with soft information.B.Lending money by predicting the future.C.Determining credit ratings by web history.D.Facing the threat posed by high-tech companies.9.Why do they advocate the new way of rating the borrower's credit?A.Traditional finance refuses to lend money.B.The new approach helps reduce the burden on banks.C.The type of hardware misleads the lender's judgment.D.Soft information better reflects the truth than hard data.10.Which is the closest in meaning with the underlined phrase in paragraph 4?A.Be less strict.B.Share interests.C.Forgive others'fault.D.Cut a piece of bread.11.What do the researchers worry about?A.Banks will break up with customers.B.High-tech companies will be in a mess.C.Sharing information may cause problems of privacy.D.Competition between tech companies will be fiercer.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了施行通过网络历史决定信用评级这一方法的原因和优点，以及可能存在的问题。8.C细节理解题。根据第二段the researchers see the possibility of using the data from your browsing.,whowould potentially be denied by traditional financial institutions可知，研究人员提出的方法是通过网络历史数据决定信用评级。9.D推理判断题。根据第三段中The researchers identify two key areas in which this is true,.,that banks rely onfor meeting with customers..以及第四段中The concept of using your web history to inform credit ratings..paint an unnecessarily bad picture during hard times.可知，他们提倡用新的方法来评定借款人的信用，是因为软数据比硬数据更能反映事实。lO.A词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段内容以及画线部分上文Citing soft-data points like,,they might be morewilling t0可知，研究人员引用了软数据点，这些数据可以包括在评估借款人时，当放款人与潜在客户的历史关系更密切时，他们可能更愿意不那么严格，更加放松。故画线部分意为“不那么严格”。ll.C细节理解题。根据最后一段The researchers acknowledge that,,How they might share information withother institutions would be their own can of worms.可推知，研究人员担心共享信息可能引发隐私问题。

第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。What is classed as normal behaviour in one culture can sometimes be unsuitable,unacceptable,or evenoffensive in another.We're all different and we all have different beliefs and ways of doing things.Understandingthis is what cultural awareness is all about.16 We need to take a long,hard look at ourselves.What makes us the way we are?Well,there'shistory,tradition,education,and our parents.These are all good things.But do any of them make us better thanothers？No.17It's easy to understand why we start off believing that our culture is better than any other.In fact,someargue that it's necessary in order to survive.As children,we typically build our view of the world from our familyand the place we grow up.18In the past,many people never left the comfort of their own town or district.They could all spend their dayshappily believing that the life they knew was the best,that their way of doing things was the right way,and notimagining or caring what others might think.19 We do business with people from different cultures,sellingeach other products and ideas.We learn each other's languages.20 We even live next door to each other.Sowe all need to learn to appreciate each other's cultures and ways of living.A.Not better,but different.B.We listen to each other's music.C.Today's world isn't like that though.D.Culture influences many parts of people's lives.E.Cultural awareness can begin by holding up a mirror.F.Our differences make the world endlessly interesting.G.However,as we get older our understanding of the world grows with us.【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。本文论述了人的文化意识受到历史、传统、教育和父母的影响，并无优劣之分，当今社会，人们要学会尊重和欣赏彼此的文化意识和生活方式。16.E We need to take a long,hard look at ourselves.What makes us the way we are?Well,there'shistory,tradition,education,and our parents.可知，作者认为，人的文化意识受到历史、传统、教育和父母的影响，要想了解自己的文化意识，还得审视自身受到了怎样的历史、传统和教育，以及父母对自己有哪些影响。因此，E选项切题，该选项中的holding up a mirror与下文中的look at ourselves相呼应。l7.A根据上文These are all good things..But do any of them make us better than others？No.以及下一句It'seasy to understand why we start off believing that our culture is better than any other.可知，此处又提出了疑问并回答，并不是哪一个文化意识会让我们比其他人更好。因此，A选项切题，该选项承上启下，并不是哪一个文化意识更好，只是不同而已，且该选项中的Not与上文中的No相呼应。l8.G根据上一句As children,we typically build our view of the world from our family and the place we growu.可知，孩子是从家庭和成长环境中建立起自己对世界的看法，这个看法会随着年龄的增长而变化。因此，G选项切题，选项中的get older与上一句中的grow up相呼应。l9.C根据上一句They could all spend their days happily.,caring what others might think.及下一句Wedobusiness with people..We learn each other's languages.可知，在过去，人们生活环境相对封闭，他们自认为自己的生活方式以及做事方式都是正确的，而在当今社会，不同文化背景的人可以互相做生意。因此，C选项切题，该选项承上启下，选项中的isn't like与下文中的different相呼应。20.B根据上一句We do business with people..We learn each other's languages..以及下文So we all need to learnto appreciate each other's cultures and ways of living..可知，当今世界，不同文化背景的人之间做生意，学习对方的语言。我们需要学会欣赏彼此的文化和生活方式，由此推知，该空应列举另一种欣赏彼此文化的方式。因此，B选项切题，听彼此的音乐也是欣赏对方文化的一种方式。