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【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四大运河：巴拿马运河、苏伊士运河、基尔运河、京杭大运河。l.A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Opened in 19l4,this48-mile-long waterway through the Isthmus ofPanama finally linked the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.可知，巴拿马运河全长48英里；根据第三段第一句Stretching more than 100 miles,the Suez Canal creates a crucial route between the Mediterranean and the RedSea.可知，苏伊士运河全长l00多英里；根据第四段第三句The canal,extending for61 miles,is the safest,mostconvenient,shortest,and cheapest shipping route between the two seas..可知，基尔运河全长6l英里；根据第五Covering more than 1,100 miles and 2,500 years of history,the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canalconnects five of the major rivers in China.可知，京杭大运河全长ll00多英里。综上所述，最短的运河是巴拿马运河。2.C细节理解题。根据第四段第一句Wilhelm I laid the first stone for this important canal in 1887;hissuccessor set down the final one eight years later..可知，l887年之后8年才修好，所以是l895年。3.A细节理解题。根据第五段第二句Covering more than1,l00 miles and2,500 years of history,the BeijingHangzhou Grand Canal connects five of the major rivers in China.可知，京杭大运河连接了中国五大主要河流，这里的major和great同义。

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章以“垂直农场”为例，介绍了在不久的将来，物联网将推动粮食种植方式的巨大创新与深刻变革。l2.C细节理解题。根据第三段第二句First,small sensors in the soil or connected to plants tell a control systemexactly how much light,water,.and nutrients are needed to grow the healthiest crops..可知，附着在植物上的传感器是通过把信息传递给控制系统来工作的。13.D、推理判断题。根据第四段前三句Second,vertical farms will be connected to other networks andinformation systems.,so they know which crops to grow in what quantities.可推断，物联网系统可以将供应和需求相匹配。l4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句Yet,the numbers point to a bright future for the industry,especiallyas the world's population continues to grow.可知，a bright future是关键词，即作者对垂直农场充满了希望。15.C主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕“物联网驱动下的垂直农场”展开，各段详细讲述了它的未来应用，因此，这篇文章主要讲述了由物联网驱动的垂直农场是农业的未来。